Eridu, City of Dominion

“Eridu (or Eridug) was the name of the first city, according to ancient Mesopotamian texts such as the Sumerian King List. It was regarded as the place where kingship first descended from heaven, the gift of the gods – a kingship that would eventually pass to Enmerkar (Nimrod). This appears to conflict with the record of Genesis 4, where the KJV text says:
Genesis 4:17-18a “And Cain knew his wife; and she conceived, and bare Enoch: and he builded a city, and called the name of the city, after the name of his son, Enoch. And unto Enoch was born Irad...”
However, the translation leaves some to be desired. It’s not hard to understand why it has its faults though. These verses do not follow correct Hebrew grammar. The English translation has muddled the Hebrew. If we attempt to follow the original text closely, this is how it comes out:
Genesis 4:17-18a “And Cain had relations with his wife; and she conceived, and bare Enoch: and he [Enoch] builded a city, and called the name of the city after the name of his son. [The name “Enoch” does not appear in the original at this point.] And unto Enoch was born Irad...”
Technically, once Enoch is mentioned in verse 17, he becomes the new subject of the following verb, meaning that it was not Cain who built the city, but Enoch. And since Enoch built the city, it was named after Enoch’s son, not Cain’s. Therefore, the name of the city was not Enoch, but Irad. “Irad” is transliterated from the Hebrew `Iyrad, meaning “city of dominion” (from `iyr, “city” or “watcher” and radah, “dominion”). Sounds a lot like Eridu! And as the center of Mesopotamian kingship, that city – which predates Babylon by centuries – became Nimrod’s capital.
Nimrod’s city-building achievements are interesting in that they are grouped into two lists of four cities. The first list of cities is found in Shinar; the second is found in Assyria. This is significant because the Babylonian tradition of assigning greatness, even divinity, to their kings associates their rule with the four corners of the earth as a symbol of universal dominion. This is a god-like attribution of power.”
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- Extract from T.J. Steadman, “Answers to Giant Questions,” chapter 9: Nimrod the Giant.